Thursday, December 15, 2022

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is a cytoplasmic pathway which breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds and generates energy. The process produces two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of water.

The most common pathway of glycolysis was described by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis is therefore known as the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP) pathway.

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell and does not require oxygen. Glycolysis is controlled by the properties of three regulatory enzymes: hexokinase, phosphofructokinase 1 and pyruvate kinase.

Glycolysis is followed by the Krebs cycle during aerobic respiration. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can diffuse into mitochondria, where it enters the citric acid cycle and generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADH and FADH2.

In the absence of oxygen, the cells make small amounts of ATP as glycolysis is followed by fermentation. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule, and thus provides a direct means of producing energy in the absence of oxygen.
Glycolysis
at
Labels: , ,

Popular articles

  • Fruits Beverage
    Fruits Beverage Fruit always played an important role in human nutrition. However, before the 20th century, drinking squeezed fruit juice wa...
  • Digestive enzymes
    Digestive enzymes are often used to support healthy digestion and increase nutrient absorption. Naturally occurring digestive enzymes are pr...
  • Saccharin: History, Properties, and Uses of an Artificial Sweetener
    Saccharin is an artificial sweetener that provides sweetness without food energy or calories. It is one of the earliest sugar substitutes, h...
  • Green leafy vegetables are good for eyesight
    Dark green leafy vegetables contain two pigments, lutein and zeaxanthin, that accumulate in the eye. They appear to be able to snuff out f...
  • Digestive enzyme of papaya
    The papaya is an amazingly rich source of the proteolytic enzymes, papain. Papain is used tenderized meat, clarify beer, treat digestive dis...

My Blog List

  • Food Processing
    Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving, multidisciplinary field that draws on engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology to create materials and devices at...
  • Marketing Strategy And Concept
    Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) puts the customer at the center of a brand’s storytelling by aligning all marketing channels—advertising, social ...