Each electrolyte has special functions in the body. Although some electrolytes play larger roles than others, all are necessary for the functions and maintenance of homeostasis and health.
Sodium, potassium and chloride are major electrolytes of the body. As electrolytes these minerals serve specific functions. The acid-base balance of body fluids depends on regulated distribution of these minerals, protein and electrolytes.
Electrolytes help regulate fluid balance; the distribution of water throughout the body depend on the concentration of electrolytes and other solutes.
Water moves by osmosis in response to differences in concentration.
So, for example, of the concentration of sodium in the blood increases, water will move into the blood from intracellular and other extracellular species to equalize the concentration of sodium and other dissolved substances.
Calcium and bicarbonate are two major electrolytes found in extracellular fluid. Calcium is the major cation involved in the structure and function of bones and teeth.
Its needed to:
*Stabilize the cell membrane and reduce its permeability to sodium
*Transmit nerve impulses
*Contract muscles
*Coagulate blood
*Form bone and teeth
Bicarbonate plays a vital role in acid-base balance. It’s base produced by the kidneys that acts as a central buffering agent in the blood.
Functions of electrolytes in human body
